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Safari (closed source) ├─ UI / tabs / preferences ├─ macOS / iOS integration └─ WebKit framework (open source) ~60% ├─ WebCore (HTML/CSS/DOM) ├─ JavaScriptCore (JS engine) └─ Web Inspector
They picked to most open-source one.
Sure there are closed source parts of Safari, but I'd guess at least 90% of safari attack surface is in WebKit and it's parts.
This is going to be the case automating attack detection against most programs where a portion is obscured.
You say many cases, let's see some examples in Safari.
There are also WebKit-based Linux browsers, which obviously do not use closed-source OS interfaces.
My pessimistic guess on reasoning is that they suspected Firefox to have more tech debt.