Google hired some VM specialists who worked out of their Aarhus office. I think they used their research for Android.
I don't know if Google still does this, but we have (or had) a large number of people working on CS problems which they could use working at our universities they could attract.
It's negligible. Pick a random different country if you're co nvinced Denmark is an outlier. Compare vs. their jobs in the US. Now compare that to per-country revenue. Quite simply, the % profit margin per country, looking at their expenditures made in each country (incl. salaries paid in that country) vs their revenues there.
And then compare it to "what if Google wouldn't operate at all in Denmark", how much jobs that would create.
The great news is this isn't a hypothetical that can be waved away with "we don't know", because we have a golden example in South Korea, where the 10+ year delay that Google had in gaining market share has resulted in tens of thousands of local jobs that otherwise wouldn't exist.
Could every country have its own Google a la South Korea? Maybe not. But plenty could.
Google hired some VM specialists who worked out of their Aarhus office. I think they used their research for Android.
I don't know if Google still does this, but we have (or had) a large number of people working on CS problems which they could use working at our universities they could attract.