It doesn't matter what your microphone can do, because your sound card does the filtering and digitization.

it might; depending on your goals: microphones color the sound and their limits can be as valuable as their capabilities, in the right context.

see the mics that harmonica players lust after. "You traded the Cadillac for a microphone? ... I can see that."

I believe many sound chips still have ways around any pee-processing they may apply, might check the folks using them for low rate oscilloscope inputs

And many modern sound card IC sample at an effective rate of 192kHz and use internal DSP to downsample that to the requested sample rate. Much easier to design a good low pass filter on the cheap when your Nyquist frequency is on 96kHz instead of 22kHz.

So the frontend of the sound card might actually be remarkably wide.