Modern science differs from Middle Earth knowledge in having the willingness to admit ignorance. No scientific law, concept, theory or idea is sacred.
I don't think Middle Earth Christianity, Islam or whatever other premodern traditions of knowledge would agree in those two views. Everything that was important to know about the world was already known and written in the Bible, Qur'an or the Vedas.
How on earth there was going to be any secret of the universe yet to be discovered by mere immortals?
Middle Earth doesn't have Christianity, and indeed the books really lack any real discussion of religion. God exists and so do angels, but there are no clergy or real religious rituals.
I don't think Middle Earth Christianity, Islam or whatever other premodern traditions of knowledge would agree in those two views. Everything that was important to know about the world was already known and written in the Bible, Qur'an or the Vedas.
How on earth there was going to be any secret of the universe yet to be discovered by mere immortals?