>That’s because, while Google expected apps to use Google’s own billing system for purchasing digital goods, it rarely actually enforced the expectation
>The billing system crackdown
>Starting June 1st, Google said it would remove apps that didn’t comply with its billing system rules.
>Oddly, in March, Google announced a pilot program to let app developers use their own billing systems. The pilot program includes Spotify but not Amazon.
The article says its the billing system, and mentions it multiple times. I'm not reading any court documents, as I am not a legal scholar to offer an opinion on them. I would invite you to write your own analysis, and I'm sure there will be people who would be interested in your scholarship.
This distinction between payment fee and platform fee (ignored in this article) is relevant even to non-legal-scholars bc. if you ignore it you get results like this (yes, this is based on real rulings):
> Apple plans to charge developers of dating apps a 27 percent commission on any in-app purchases made via alternative payment systems in the Netherlands, the company has announced. The change comes in response to an order from Dutch competition regulator, the Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM), which has demanded that Apple allow dating app developers — and only dating app developers — to use alternatives to Apple’s in-app payment system in the country. Twenty-seven percent represents a reduction of only 3 percentage points compared to the 30 percent commission Apple typically charges for developers using its own payment system.
>The billing system crackdown
>Starting June 1st, Google said it would remove apps that didn’t comply with its billing system rules.
>Oddly, in March, Google announced a pilot program to let app developers use their own billing systems. The pilot program includes Spotify but not Amazon.
The article says its the billing system, and mentions it multiple times. I'm not reading any court documents, as I am not a legal scholar to offer an opinion on them. I would invite you to write your own analysis, and I'm sure there will be people who would be interested in your scholarship.