Yes, its fairly mainstream these days. Most subs have SAMs, or manpads. To pick a classic example, this article on the same site about Typhoon http://www.hisutton.com/The%20REAL%20Red%20October%20-%20Typ... says there are manpads in the sail.

British and Israeli subs experimented with blowpipe slaved to the periscope, which was a truly useless SAM. Those kinds of details are buried in the articles on that site :)

I'd guess that the idea isn't so much to actually sneak up on aircraft, but rather to give them something to evade while the sub tries to make its escape.