The Japanese I-400s were originally fitted with float planes, but these became fire-and-forget kamikaze aircraft by the end of the war (planned attack on the Panama canal that never happened).
The Germans had an autogyro that was let out on a cable from the U-boat, used for spotting. Not sure if this ever saw production / combat, but IMO that's already at the limit of what is sensible in submarine aviation.
They actually did attack Oregon with a similar setup (but an I-25 submarine) . They dropped some incendiary bombs on the forests near Bandon, OR hoping to cause massive fires, damage war critical timber production, etc.
I guess they didn't think about how hard it is to start a forest fire on the Oregon Coast in winter though.
The Germans had an autogyro that was let out on a cable from the U-boat, used for spotting. Not sure if this ever saw production / combat, but IMO that's already at the limit of what is sensible in submarine aviation.