Huh, interesting. I'm left wondering whether China has a Planetary Protection Officer, though of course the Moon is barren so it doesn't really matter…
It isn't just barren. It's sterilized of any Earth life that may have happened along every month, which gets up to 250 degrees F (~120 C), and even if something survives that, there's never a window of time in which something like livable conditions obtain, because once out of the sterilizing sunlight the temperature immediately heads for a decent approximation of the average temperature of the cosmos. (Doesn't seem to quite get there, but it's cold enough that you could pour liquid nitrogen on to the ground and it would stay liquid if you held it at 1atm pressure. Dunno about vacuum.) So between the extreme thermal cycling and hard radiation, even Earth's best aren't going to get a foothold up there.
This is in contrast to places with a non-trivial atmosphere or standing liquids, which may moderate the environment enough that something could conceivably live. Something could conceivably live on Mars, something that isn't even necessarily that far from some things that live on Earth. Nothing will live on the Moon. You can fling as many gallons of the scummiest pond water you can find from any pond water on Earth on the moon, and you're not going to "contaminate" it with life.
We really, really need more data on the responses of living creates to 1/8g. We've got all the 1g data. We've got a considerable amount of 0g data from ISS experiments. But we just don't know how living creatures respond to lunar or martian gravity. And knowing that will be very important for future colonization efforts.
Spin can indeed create (effective) gravity, but it differs due to the coriolis effect. We'd have two options: We can build a really big satellite, so as to minimize that effect -- or we could assume plants aren't sensitive to it, and hope for the best.
Needless to say, most scientists aren't fans of the second option.
Incidentally, long-term it would be possible to achieve 1g on the moon by way of a similarly huge centrifuge.
I can't grasp the centrifuge option, won't there still be two forces?
It'll be more like those carnival rides than artificial gravity. A dropped ball won't fall straight "down".
Yes, exactly what I meant. It seems a lot easier to get an experiment into orbit than onto the moon. If you connect two halves of the satellite with a long tether, you could reduce the coriolis effects, if that's really an issue.
Is there any scientific/experimental reason for this, or is it just a symbolic gesture?